纤维支气管镜对婴幼儿气道发育畸形诊断的应用价值

Diagnostic value of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children with airway anomaly

目的：探讨纤维支气管镜（纤支镜）在气道发育畸形中的作用价值及安全性。方法对我院儿科2011年6月-2013年12月期间的106例喉喘鸣伴呼吸困难、婴幼儿喘息、慢性咳嗽及反复呼吸道感染的婴幼儿行纤支镜检查，并将34例气道发育畸形患儿的检查结果及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果106例患儿中发现气道发育畸形34例（32%），其中喉部囊肿2例；会厌软骨软化5例；气管、支气管软化20例；气管、支气管狭窄3例；支气管起源异常并狭窄3例，气管食管瘘1例。结论纤支镜术对婴幼儿气道发育畸形的诊断发挥重要作用，能有效降低婴幼儿呼吸道疾病的漏诊和误诊，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the diagnostic value and the safety of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the children with airway malformations. Methods The test results and clinical data of 106 cases of bronchoscopy infants of our hospital from June 2011 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. And the results and clinical date of 34 cases of chil-dren with airway malformations of the inspection were restrospectively analyzed. Results Of all 106 cases, there were 34 cases with airway malformations（32%）,including 2 cases with laryngeal cyst,5 cases with epiglottic cartilage softening,20 cases with tracheobronchomalacia, 3 cases with tracheobronchial, 3 cases with anomalous origin and stenosis of bronchus,l cases with tracheo-esophageal fistula. Conclusion The fiberoptic bronchoscopy plays an important role in diagnosis of children with airway malformations. It can degrade the rate of clinical misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in the children with respiratory diseases and is worth to be widely implemented.