2013年昭通市疑似预防接种异常反应的分析

The analysis on the surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Zhaotong city,2013

目的分析昭通市各类疫苗预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生情况,评价各类疫苗的安全性和接种服务质量。方法通过全国AEFI监测系统收集昭通市2013年报告的AEFI病例,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果全市报告56例AEFI,其中一般反应32例(57.14%),异常反应11例(19.64%),偶合症3例(5.38%),心因性反应2例(3.57%),不明原因8例(14.29%)。报告发生不良反应的疫苗有8种,报告的总疑似异常反应发生率为1.7/10万,以卡介苗的发生率最高。在报告的预防接种不良反应中,以发热、接种部位红肿硬结出现等表现最为常见。结论通过实际工作接触发现,发生AEFI的因素很多,要改进疫苗制备纯度工艺,提高业务人员的自身综合素质,严格掌握疫苗禁忌证,规范接种流程能减少AEFI的发生。增强公众接种意识,从而提高全市预防接种水平。

Objective To analyze the AEFI causing by various vaccines and evaluate the safety of vaccine in Zhaotong, in order to provide a scientific strategy for reducing the incidence rate of AEFI and inoculation of servicial quality. Methods The AEFI data in 2013 were collected through the monitoring control system for AEFI in Zhaotong. The de-scriptive methodology is used in this study. Results The 56 AEFI cases were reported including 32 cases with general reaction（57.14%）,11 cases with abnormal reaction （19.64%）,3 cases with coincidental reaction （5.38%）, 2 cases with psychogenic reaction （3.57%） and 8 cases with unknown reasons（14.29%）. Adverse reactions were induced by 8 vaccines, and the total rate of suspected AEFI was 0.017‰ especially the BCG. The most commonly reported adverse events were fever, local reaction and partly callosity. Conclusion There are many factors of AEFI in practical works, and we should prepare purity process and improve the staff＆#39;s comprehensive quality, strictly control of various vac-cines pre-vaccine contraindication. The standard vaccination process can reduce the incidence of AEFI. To enhance the public＆#39;s awareness of vacaination, to improve the level of the city＆#39;s vaccination.