从多样到多元——中国驻外外交建筑的文化价值与设计手法刍议

From Variety to Diversity:The Cultural Value and Design Techniques of China's Overseas Diplomatic Premises

60多年来,新中国驻外外交建筑日益发展;其文化价值取向形成了不同阶段下的鲜明特征。从新中国成立后到改革开放之前,中国驻外外交建筑的文化价值主要体现新中国的独立和尊严,形成一定的程式。改革开放后,快速的经济发展带来追求文化识别性的迫切性,一系列的实践致力于中国元素形式的多样性表达,仿古、符号和象征手法较为常见。进入新千年后,作为正在崛起的大国,外交建筑的文化价值面临多元化的转型,责任与谦逊、特色与含蓄、现代与历史相互交融。本文分析各个阶段驻外外交建筑设计的特征和经验,结合自身的实践和探索,归纳新时期驻外外交建筑的文化价值要素,分析在融入环境、体现国家识别性、彰显时代精神等方面的新趋势。

The last 60 years witnessed the booming of China＇s overseas diplomatic premises, and the cultural value of these buildings was profoundly influenced by different development phases of the country. In the first three decades, the forms of the diplomatic building＇s are the instrument of presenting the country＇s independent and dignity. After the reform and opening-up,the needs of showing the overseas national identity became urgent, associated with various techniques of transplanting traditional styles, such as imitations, icons, and symbolism. After 2000, the cultural values of China＇s overseas premises experienced its new transformation; traditional styles gave ways to diverse modern directions.Responsibility and modesty, creativity and connotation, conventional and traditional are new keywords of China＇s overseas presence. This essay is attempt to conclude the characters of the forms of China＇s overseas premises,and uncover the new trend of this unique building type, in terms of integrating to the local culture, presenting identity, and manifesting the spirit of the time.