微生物发酵生产C_4二元羧酸研究进展

A Review for Microbial Production of C_4 Dicarboxylatic Acids

C4二元羧酸(苹果酸、延胡索酸和琥珀酸等)是TCA循环中重要的中间代谢产物,广泛用于食品、医药和化工等行业。由于市场潜在需求量巨大,微生物发酵法生产C4二元羧酸备受关注。从自然界筛选的微生物可以大量积累C4二元羧酸,但存在诸多问题。而利用模式微生物生产C4二元羧酸具有很多优势,已成为国内外的研究热点。从三个方面综述了C4二元羧酸的研究进展:利用自然筛选及改造的微生物生产C4二元羧酸,代谢工程改造模式微生物生产C4二元羧酸,C4二元羧酸的发酵生产的代谢调控。最后,提出了微生物发酵法生产C4二元羧酸今后要解决的问题和发展方向。

As metabolites in TCA cycle,C4 dicarboxylatic acids such as malic acid,fumaric acid and succinic acid,are widely used in food,pharmaceutical and chemical industries,the potential total annual demand for C4 dicarboxylatic acids is very huge. C4 dicarboxylatic acids production by microbial fermentation is attracting increasing attention. Some microorganism isolated from nature can produce large amounts of C4 dicarboxylatic acids, however, these processes are suffered many weakness. In contrast, the model microorganisms harbor many advantages for C4 dicarboxylatic acids production and become focus of study at home and abroad. Recent research progress in the production of C4 dicarboxylatic acids by microbial fermentation,including production of C4 dicarboxylatic acids by natural producing microorganism and its mutants,metabolic engineering of type strain for C4 dicarboxylatic acids production,and metabolism regulation of fermentation process were reviewed. Finally,the problems to be solved and future research direction was also proposed.