河南省南阳地区食源性大肠杆菌分离株对常用抗生素的耐药性和多重耐药情况

Analysis of drug resistance of food-borne Escherichia coli in Nanyang region of Henan Province

目的:分析食源性大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)的耐药性.方法:分析122个鸡肉类、即食菜和其他肉类样品中分离培养出的288株E.coli对环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin)、奈定酮酸(nalidixic acid)、庆大霉素(gentamicin)、卡那霉素(kanamycin)、阿米卡星(amikacin,Amk)、链霉素(streptomycin)、氨苄西林(ampicillin)、阿莫西林(amoxicillin)、头孢哌酮(cefoperazone)、头孢西丁(cefoxitin,Cfx)、氯霉素(chloramphenicol)和四环素(tetracycline,Tet)12种E.coli感染临床治疗常用抗生素的药敏性,并比较不同来源E.coli耐药性和耐药重数.结果:288株待测菌株对Tet耐药率最高(95.83%),对Amk最敏感(8.68%);鸡肉、即食菜和其他肉抗性菌株均对Tet耐药率最高(99.34%、96.30%、89.02%),鸡肉抗性菌株对Cfx最敏感(15.13%),即食菜和其他肉抗性菌株均对Amk最敏感(0.00%、0.00%);除Tet外,鸡肉抗性菌株对其余11种抗生素耐药率均显著高于即食菜抗性菌株和其他肉抗性菌株,(74.34%vs 25.93%)、(77.63%vs 38.89%)、(15.13%vs 11.11%)、(40.13%vs 1.85%)、(47.37%vs 7.41%)、(53.95%vs 1.85%)、(16.45%vs 0.00%)、(65.13%vs 1.85%)、(87.50%vs 14.81%)、(67.11%vs 3.70%)、(79.61%vs 48.15%)、(74.34%vs 31.71%)、(77.63%vs 37.80%)、(15.13%vs 7.32%)、(40.13%vs 3.66%)、(47.37%vs 12.20%)、(53.95%vs 15.85%)、(16.45%vs 0.00%)、(65.13%vs 7.32%)、(87.50%vs 23.17%)、(67.11%vs 4.88%)、(79.61%vs 42.68%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);鸡肉和即食菜中分离的E.coli均对12种抗生素中至少1种有耐药性,其他肉中分离的E.coli有6株对12种抗生素全部敏感;鸡肉中分离的E.coli集中分布于9重(28株)、10重(23株)和8重耐药(20株),即食菜中分离的E.coli集中分布于1重(15株)、2重(24株)和3重耐药(9株),其他肉中分离的E.coli集中分布于1重(32株)、2重(15株)和6重耐药(11株),鸡肉中分离的E.coli耐药性明显高于即食菜和其他肉中分离的E.coli.结论:本地区随机抽取的原料肉和即食菜中均存在不同程度E.coli污染,分离出的食源性E.coli均对Tet的耐药率最高,对Amk最为敏感,多重耐药情况(尤其是鸡肉)十分严重.

AIM： To explore the drug resistance of food-borne Escherichia coli（E.coli）.METHODS： The sensitivity of 288 E.coli strainsisolated from 122 chicken,ready-to-eat food andother meat samples to ciprofloxacin（Cip）,nali-dixic acid（Nal）,gentamicin（Gen）,kanamycin（Kan）,amikacin（Amk）,streptomycin（Str）,am-picillin（Amp）,amoxicillin（Amx）,cefoperazone（Cfp）,cefoxitin（Cfx）,chloramphenicol（Chl）,andtetracycline（Tet） was determined.The drug re-sistance and drug-resistant multiplicity for E.colistrains from different sources were compared.RESULTS： The rate of resistance to Tet was the highest（95.83%）,and the most sensitive drug was Amk（8.68%）.The rates of resistance to Tet were the highest for the bacteria from chicken,ready-to-eat food and other meat samples（99.34%,96.30%,89.02%）,while the most sensi-tive drug was Cfx for the bacteria from chicken samples（15.13%） and Amk for the bacteria from ready-to-eat food and other meat samples（0.00%,0.00%）.Except for Tet,the rates of re-sistance to other 11 drugs for the bacteria from chicken samples were higher than those for the bacteria from ready-to-eat food and other meat samples（74.34% vs 25.93%,77.63% vs 38.89%,15.13% vs 11.11%,40.13% vs 1.85%,47.37% vs 7.41%,53.95% vs 1.85%,16.45% vs 0.00%,65.13% vs 1.85%,87.50% vs 14.81%,67.11% vs 3.70%,79.61% vs 48.15%,74.34% vs 31.71%,77.63% vs 37.80%,15.13% vs 7.32%,40.13% vs 3.66%,47.37% vs 12.20%,53.95% vs 15.85%,16.45% vs 0.00%,65.13% vs 7.32%,87.50% vs 23.17%,67.11% vs 4.88%,79.61% vs 42.68%,P 0.05）.The bacteria isolated from chicken and ready-to-eat food samples were resistant to at least one agent.The bacteria isolated from oth-er meat samples were sensitive to all of the 12 kinds of antibiotics.The E.coli strains separated from chicken samples were mainly resistant to 9（28 strains）,10（23 strains） and 8（20 strains） agents; those separated from ready-to-eat food samples were mainly resistant to 1 agent（15 strains）,2（24 strains） and 3 agents（9 strains）; those separated from other meat samples were mainly resistant to 1 agent（32 strains）,2（15 strains） and 6（11 strains） agents.The results showed that the drug resistance of E.coli strains separated from chicken were higher than that of E.coli strains separated from ready-to-eat food and other meat samples.CONCLUSION： E.coli contamination occurred in the meat and ready-to-eat food samples tested.The rate of resistance of food-borne E.coli to Tet is the highest,and the most sensitive drug is Amk.The condition of multidrug resistance of E.coli strains from food samples,especially chicken,is serious.