健康孕妇黄斑区视网膜厚度的研究

Study on macular retinal thickness in healthy pregnant women

目的:评估怀孕时视网膜厚度的生理性改变。方法:本研究分为健康孕妇组(包括孕中期和孕晚期)20例40眼和健康未孕女性组(对照组)20例40眼,应用光学相干断层扫描仪对所有受试者进行黄斑区扫描测量黄斑容积、黄斑区平均视网膜厚度、中心视网膜厚度以及旁中心各分区的视网膜厚度。结果:健康孕妇组和对照组黄斑容积分别为10.06±0.41mm3和9.87±0.30mm3,黄斑区平均视网膜厚度分别为279.43±10.86μm和274.25±8.07μm,中心厚度分别为235.15±15.05μm和233.00±15.81μm,其中黄斑容积和黄斑区平均厚度两组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。健康孕妇组黄斑旁中心8个区平均厚度均较对照组增加,但只有上方外圈和下方外圈差异有显著性(P<0.05)。两组黄斑区OCT图像形态正常。结论:健康妊娠中晚期孕妇黄斑区视网膜厚度增加,在评估孕妇病理性视网膜病变应考虑视网膜厚度的生理性改变。

AIM： To evaluate the physiologic change of retinal thickness during pregnancy. METHODS：Forty cases （ 80 eyes ） were included two groups：40 eyes （ 20 cases ） in healthy pregnant women group （including in the second and last trimester）, and 40 eyes （20 cases） in healthy nonpregnant women group （ control group ） . The macular volume, average thickness, central subfield thickness and retinal thickness of other parafoveal areas were measured by optical coherence tomography scan. RESULTS： The macular volume was 10. 06±0. 41mm3 and 9. 87±0. 30mm3 in healthy pregnant women group and control group respectively. The average thickness was 279. 43±10. 86μm and 274. 25±8. 07μm in healthy pregnant women group and control group respectively. The central subfield thickness was 235. 15±15. 05μm and 233. 00±15. 81μm in healthy pregnant women group and control group espectively. Statistically significant difference was found in macular volume and average thickness （P〈0. 05）. The retinal thickness of 8 parafoveal areas in healthy pregnant women group increased comparing with control group, but statistical significance was only found in superior-outer area and inferior-outer area（P〈0. 05）. OCT images of all cases were normal. CONCLUSION：The macular retinal thickness increases during pregnancy in the second and last trimester. The physiologic change of retinal thickness should be considered when evaluating pathologic retinal disease of pregnant women.