北京某城乡结合区人群皮肤病流行病学调查及危险因素相关性分析

Prevalence of skin diseases in a rural-urban commuting area of Haidian in Beijing and risk factors analysis

目的了解北京某城乡结合区人群常见皮肤病的流行病学情况,探讨可能的高危因素。方法通过问卷调查方式对城乡结合区人群整群随机抽查,对4 109被调查者进行皮肤病筛查和危险因素调查。结果实查3 317人(80.72%),皮肤病总患病率56.95%。患病率较高的病种有浅部真菌病(21.01%)、湿疹(8.02%)和痤疮(7.66%)等。年龄、文化程度、睡眠质量、生活环境、社会经济地位、药物过敏史和过敏性疾病遗传史是影响皮肤病总患病率的危险因素,OR值分别为1.028,1.184,1.665,1.653,1.240,3.008和1.766。结论北京城乡结合区皮肤病很常见,年龄、文化程度、生活环境、睡眠质量、社会经济地位、药物过敏史和过敏性疾病遗传史是皮肤病的高危因素,对宣教和防治常见皮肤病有重要意义。

Objective To determine the prevalence of skin diseases in a community and investigate the potential risk factors correlated to the occurrence of the skin diseases. Methods To investigate one rural urban commuting area of 4109 persons with a questionaire, which selected through cluster sampling. Results In total, 3317（80.72%） out of 4109 persons were surveyed. Crude prevalence of skin diseases was 56.95%. The most common skin diseases included superifcial fungal infections（21.01%）, eczema （8.02%） and acne （7.66%）. Age, education level, sleep quality, environment, socioeconomic status, drug allergy and genetic history of allergic disease is independent risk factor （OR value was 1.028, 1.184, 1.665, 1.653, 1.240, 3.008, 1.766, respectively）. Conclusion Skin diseases are in high prevalence in a rural urban commuting area of Beijing. Age, education level, sleep quality, environment, socioeconomic status, drug allergy and genetic history of allergic disease are potential risk factors for skin disease, these ifndings are vital for targeted health education, as well as prevention and treatment of the common skin diseases.