旋挖钻机钻杆耦合振动与减振研究

Research on Coupled Vibration and Reducing Vibration of Drillstring for Rotary Drilling Rig

为了更准确地预测旋挖钻机钻杆的振动特性并减小其振动,在分析钻杆振动机理的基础上,结合能量法和有限元理论,建立了钻杆轴向、横向、扭转耦合振动的动力学模型,采用Newmark-β法仿真分析了钻杆的动力学响应。设计了一种旋挖钻机钻杆减振器,并对减振器的减振效果进行了试验研究。结果表明:钻杆系统的横向振动位移幅值比轴向振动位移幅值大;横向和轴向加速度值的突变说明钻杆与孔壁发生了接触碰撞作用;所设计的钻杆减振器具有良好的减振效果,使轴向减振幅度达到52.1%,y轴和z轴横向减振幅度分别达到63.8%和44.2%。

In order to more accurately predict the vibration characteristics and reduce the vibration of drillstring for rotary drilling rig, a dynamic model of coupled axial, transverse and torsional vibration was established based on energy method and finite element theory after analyzing the vibration mechanism of drillstring. The Newmark-β method was adopted to simulate vibration responses of drillstring. A drillstring vibration absorber for rotary drilling rig was designed and the experiment was conducted to verify the effect of the drillstring vibration absorber. The results show that transverse displacement is much larger than that of the axial displacement for drillstring. The mutations in the values of the axial acceleration and transverse acceleration indicate impact of drillstring with the borehole wall. The drillstring vibration absorber can effectively reduce vibration and the amount of axial vibration suppression can reach 52.1%, and the transversal vibration suppression in y-direction and z-direction is 63.8%oo and 44.2% respectively.