论柳永词中的歌妓形象

On Images of Geisha in LIU Yong's Lyrics

柳永创作了很多歌妓词。幼时母亲的影响,唐宋词的书写传统以及宋代的社会世情都是其创作歌妓词的原因。依据这些歌妓情感心理诉求的方向,可以将其分为真爱痴情型、幽怨感伤型、自我放纵型三种心理类型。从这些歌妓类型中可以探究到柳永笔下歌妓的真实处境,能够还原柳永词中歌妓真实的悲剧人性风貌,探究歌妓生命历程,展现歌妓实现自我人生价值而最终失败的悲惨命运。这些歌妓词既是柳永对自己不平人生的书写,也表现出他对下层歌妓的终极关怀。

LIU Yong created many lyrics concerning geisha.This was due to the influence of his mother in his child-hood,the tradition of lyric composition in Tang and Song Dynasties and the social reality of Song Dynasty.In the direction of geisha’s emotional appeal,such lyrics can be classified into three types：true love and infatuation,resentment and sentiment, and self indulgence.From these types we can see the real situation of them,and their true tragic fate.Further,we can probe into their life experience and show their pursuit of realization of life value in vain.Such lyrics are the expression LIU’s own tor-tuous life as well as his concern for geisha in the bottom of the society.