马尾松根际高效解磷真菌的筛选鉴定及其促生效应

Screening and Identification of Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi of Pinus massoniana Rhizosphere and Its Application

从江苏南京和安徽黄山12份马尾松根际土样中分离出45株具有解磷能力的真菌,其中解磷能力较强的有12株。通过进一步测定,获得解磷能力强的2株真菌JP-NJ1和JP-NJ4,其对Ca3(PO4)2的解磷能力分别为1 051.69和872.18 mg·L-1。通过形态学和18S rDNA序列分析,2株高效解磷真菌分别鉴定为泡盛曲霉和嗜松青霉。将2株高效解磷真菌接种马尾松苗,其菌悬液和代谢物都可明显促进植株生长,其中对根质量促生效果显著。

Phosphorus supply shortage in soil is one of reasons for decline of Pinus massoniana stands in China. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi （ PSF） are able to dissolve insoluble phosphorus,which is otherwise unavailable to plants, and transform it into soluble phosphorus. PSF can also promote plant growth to some extent. Since Masson pine stands are facing degradation of soil fertility in southern China,screening high-efficient PSF from rhizospheric soil of the forest and developing phosphate-solubilizing microbial fertilizers are an effective way to improve the soil nutrient and promote growth of the pine trees. To this end,in this work 45 phosphate-solubilizing fungi were isolated from 12 samples of P. massoniana rhizosphere in Nanjing Jiangsu and Huangshan Anhui of Eastern China,including 12 fungi that had strong capability to soluble phosphate. After a test of phosphate-solubilizing capability,two strains with strong phosphate-solubilizing capability were obtained： JP-NJ1 and JP-NJ4. Their solubilization of Ca3 （ PO4 ） 2 accounted for 1 051. 69 mg·L -1 and 872. 18 mg·L -1 , respectively. They belonged to Aspergillus awamori and Penicillium pinophilum, as identified by morphological observation and analysis of 18S rDNA sequences. The two efficient phosphate-solubilizing fungal strains were inoculated on P. massoniana seedlings and it was found that both the fungal suspension and their metabolite could promote growth of P. massoniana obviously and the root weight of P. massoniana was enhanced notably.