哲里木草原植被区蒙古族民间利用植物药资源及药学文化特点的民族植物学研究

Ethnobotany of Jirem grassland vegetation zone of Mongolia folk use of medicinal plant resources and cultural characteristics of pharmacy

目的:调查了解哲里木蒙古族民间用作药物的野生植物种类、药用部位、所治疗的疾病、用药方法和草原医药的文化特点。方法:采用民族植物学研究方法。结果:当地民间常用的当地野生植物共有69种和2变种;药用部位有全草、地上部分、根、茎、叶、花、果、种子、枝条木质部、根皮等;所治疗的疾病以感冒、咳嗽、发烧、风湿病、胃肠病和皮肤病、冻伤、外伤等当地常见病为主;用药方法包括内服和外用两种。结论:当地蒙古族民间药用植物传统知识和经验沉淀极深,具有浓郁的草原医药的文化特点,对农牧民基础医疗保障仍在发挥作用,但这一知识在迅速流失,应深入调查和挖掘、整理。

Objective ： To investigate and understand jirem Mongolian folk medicine as a wild species and medic- inal parts as well as the treatment of diseases and treatment methods. Methods ： ethnobotanical research methods. Results ： Local people used a total of 69 kinds of local wild plants and 2 varieties ; medicinal parts of a whole plant, aerial part, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, shoots xylem, root bark, etc. ; disease being treated with cold, cough, fever, rheumatism, gastrointestinal disease and skin diseases, frostbite, trauma and other common diseases mainly local; treatment methods include oral and topical two kinds. Conclusion： Local Mongolian traditional folk medicinal plants precipitate deep knowledge and experience on the basis of Medicare and herdsmen still play a role, but this knowledge in rapid loss should be in - depth investigation and excava- tion, sorting.