5种杀菌剂对甘蔗黑穗病的防控试验

Field control test of 5 fungicides to sugarcane smut

【目的】明确供试5种杀菌剂对甘蔗黑穗病菌的田间防治效果和安全性,为甘蔗黑穗病综合防控提供科学依据。【方法】采用药剂或药泥浸泡甘蔗种茎处理、甘蔗收砍后药液喷淋蔗桩处理等方法进行5种杀菌剂(250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂、250 g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油、300 g/L苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑乳油、325 g/L苯醚甲环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂和250 g/L丙环唑乳油)对新植蔗、宿根蔗黑穗病的防治试验。【结果】在新植蔗试验中,播种后240 d调查,250 g/L丙环唑乳油250mg/kg、250 g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油125 mg/kg、250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂166.7 mg/kg、300 g/L苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑乳油200mg/kg和325 g/L苯醚甲环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂216.7 mg/kg处理在网室无病试验地对黑穗病的防效均达90.00%以上,在有病试验地的防效分别为73.37%、80.63%、83.43%、84.06%和87.61%,250 g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油125 mg/kg药泥浸泡甘蔗种茎处理的防效为89.57%,显著好于单纯药液处理。在宿根蔗黑穗病防治试验中,用上述药剂在甘蔗砍收后次日喷淋蔗桩,于甘蔗分蘖期调查的防效分别为75.51%、81.90%、81.53%、83.61%和85.83%。5种杀菌剂对甘蔗生长均安全。【结论】5种参试杀菌剂对甘蔗黑穗病均有良好的防治效果,可作为防治甘蔗黑穗病的药剂在生产上推广应用。

【Objective】The control effects and safety of 5 fungicides to sugarcane smut were studied to provide references for integrating control and management of sugarcane smut. 【Method】The control effects of 5 fungicides to sugarcane smut were tested by pre-plant fungicidal dips of planting setts for new-planting sugarcane and fungicide spray on ratoon for ratoon cane. The 5 fungicides were 250 g/L propiconazol EC, 250 g/L difenoconazole, 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC, 300 g/L difenoconazoleopropiconazole and 325 g/L difenoconazoleoazoxystrobin. 【Result 】For new-planting sugarcane, the results showed that after 240 d of planting, the control effects of 250 g/L propiconazol EC250 mg/kg, 250 g/L difenoconazole EC 125 mg/kg, 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC 166.7 mg/kg, 300 g/L difenoconazoleopropiconazole（150 g/L difenoconazole＋150 g/L propiconazole） EC 200 mg/kg, and 325 g/L difenoconazoleoazoxystrobin（125 g/L difenoconazole＋200 g/L azoxystrobin） SC 216.7 mg/kg were all upward 90% in un-infected greenhouse, and were 73.37%,80.63%,83.43%,84.06% and 87.61%, respectively in the infected field. Difenoconazole liquid mixed with sticky soil showed significantly better control effect of 89.57%. For ratoon cane, fungicides were sprayed on the ratoon on the day after the harvest day and the control effects were 75.51%, 81.90%, 81.53%,83.61% and 85.83%, respectively. These fungicides were safe to sugarcane. 【Conclusion】These 5 fungicides have good control effects and can be used for sugarcane smut management.