阿尔泰山楂嫁接西伯利亚花楸效果观察

Effects of Crataegus altaica grafting on Sorbus sibirica

【目的】研究阿尔泰山楂嫁接西伯利亚花楸的成活率及接穗生长量,为西伯利亚花楸在新疆引种及推广应用提供参考依据。【方法】2012-2013年采用高度10.0、30.0、60.0、100.0和140.0 cm,接位粗度2.0-3.0、3.5-4.5、5.0及≥5.5 cm的阿尔泰山楂作砧木,分别嫁接不同产地采集的西伯利亚花楸接穗,观察、分析阿尔泰山楂不同高度和不同接位粗度对西伯利亚花楸嫁接成活率和接穗生长量的影响。【结果】西伯利亚花楸嫁接成活率随着砧木高度的降低和砧木接位粗度的增加而逐渐下降;砧木高度10.0-140.0cm时,接位粗度2.0-3.0 cm的西伯利亚花楸嫁接成活率极显著高于接位粗度3.5-4.5、5.0和≥5.5 cm的嫁接成活率（P0.05,下同）,与接位粗度3.5-4.5和≥5.5 cm的接穗生长量差异极显著;砧木高度10.0cm时,各接位粗度的接穗生长量间无显著差异。【结论】高度30.0-100.0cm、接位粗度2.0-4.5cm的3-4年生阿尔泰山楂幼树最适宜作西伯利亚花楸嫁接砧木。

【Objective】The survival rate and s cion growth of Sorbus sibirica grafted to Crataegus altaica were observed to provide references for Sorbus sibirica introduction and extension in Xinjiang. 【Method】From 2012 to 2013,effects of different rootstock height（10.0, 30.0, 60.0, 100.0 and 140.0 cm） and different joint roughness（2.0-3.0, 3.5-4.5, 5.0 and ≥5.5 cm） on the survival rate and scion growth of Sorbus sibirica were studied. 【Result】Sorbus sibirica grafting survival rate declined with the decrease of rootstock height and increase of rootstock roughness. When the rootstock height was 10.0-140.0 cm, grafting survival rate at the roughness of 2.0-3.0 cm was significantly higher than that at the roughness of 3.5- 4.5 cm and ≥5.5 cm. When the height was 100.0 cm and 140.0 cm,scion growth at the roughness of 3.5-4.5 cm was significantly higher than that at the roughness of 2.0-3.0, 5.0 and ≥5.5 cm. When the rootstock height was 60.0 cm, scion growth at the roughness of 2.0-3.0 cm was significantly different from that at the roughness of 3.5-4.5, 5.0 and ≥5.5 cm. When the rootstock height was 30.0 cm, scion growth at the roughness of5.0 cm was not significantly different from that at the roughness of 2.0-3.0 cm, however it was significantly different from that at the roughness of 3.5-4.5 and 5.5 cm. When the height was 10.0 cm, there was no significant difference among different roughness. 【Conclusion】With the roughness of 2.0-4.5 cm,height of 30.0-100.0 cm, 3 or 4-year-old Crataegus altaica saplings are the most suitable rootstocks for Sorbus sibirica.