老年骨质疏松患者椎体骨折后知识、信念和自我效能的测量与分析

The osteoporosis knowledge, belief and self-efficacy of elderly patients with vertebral fracture

目的 分析老年骨质疏松患者发生椎体骨折后知识、健康信念和自我效能的水平,为降低骨折再发生率应采取的健康教育和干预措施提供依据.方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2013年4月至2014年3月在苏州市某三甲医院骨科符合纳入标准的骨质疏松后椎体骨折患者72例,采用自行设计的一般资料问卷、OP知识问卷（OKT）、OP健康信念量表（OHBS）和OP自我效能量表（OSES）进行测量,并对测量结果进行分析.结果 72例患者知识总分为（11.06±6.71）分,危险因素、运动、钙量表得分分别为（4.13±2.82）、（2.90±2.54）、（4.04±2.54）分;健康信念量表平均得分为（141.82±13.00）分;自我效能量表平均得分为（79.49±35.15）分.结论 发生椎体骨折后的老年骨质疏松患者健康教育亟待提高,并应根据不同年龄、文化程度进行有针对性的宣教,以减少再骨折的发生率.

Objective To measure osteoporosis knowledge,belief and self-efficacy of elderly patients with vertebral fracture,and to provide the basis for reducing the incidence of refracture.Methods Totally 72 patients were recruited from an upper first-class hospital in suzhou by using the convenience sampling method.They were measured with the self-designed general information questionnaire,Osteoporosis Knowledge Tests （OKT）,Osteopomsis Health Belief scale （OHBS） and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale （OSES）.Results The total score of knowledge was （1 1.06±6.71）,the factor scores of risk factors,exercise and calcium intake were（4.13±2.82）,（2.90±2.54）,（4.04±2.54）.The average score of OHBS was （141.82± 13.00）.The total score of self-efficacy was （79.49±35.15）.Conclusions Health education for elderly patients with vertebral fractures needs to be improved,and to reduce the occurrence of refracture according to different groups of targeted education.