微重力下气液分离特性的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of microgravity gas-liquid separation characteristics

微重力下离心式气液分离技术以分离环境不受重力条件的影响而广泛应用于航天器流体技术、环境控制与生命保障系统等领域.本文对微重力工况下离心式气液分离特性进行了数值模拟研究,通过正交实验法分析在转速、入口速度、含气量、黏度、温度综合作用时,各因素影响的主次关系.结果表明,转速、含气量、温度、黏度对分离效率的影响比较明显,且随转速、含气量、温度的增加,分离效率逐渐增加,而随黏度的增加分离效率逐渐降低,入口速度对分离效率的影响较小,这与美国地面实验的趋势大致相同,分离效率在92％～94％范围内.研究结果可为我国空间站环控生保技术采用蒸汽压缩蒸馏方法进行尿液分离的进一步研究提供基础数据.

Microgravity centrifugal gas-liquid separation technology with its separation environment is not affected by gravity condition, which is widely used in spacecraft fluid technology, environment control and life support system, etc. In this paper, the numerical simulation has done in the character- istics of centrifugal gas-liquid separation under microgravity environment. When analysing the master- subordinate relations of revolving speed, inlet velocity, air content, viscosity and temperature as they are interacting with each other in the orthogonal experiment, it can be concluded that the separation efficiency is dramatically affected by revolving speed, air content, viscosity and temperature and as the increase of revolving speed, air content and temperature, the separation efficiency gradually decreases. Moreover, inlet velocity has less effect on the separation efficiency. These results are roughly same as that of American ground experiments. The separation efficiency ranges between 92 % and 94 %. The research conclusions could provide some basic data for Chinese space station ECLSS technology using vapor compression distillation method to further urine separation research.