体细胞重编程的转化医学研究

Translational research on reprogramming of somatic cells

脑血管疾病、痴呆、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、骨退行性病等重大临床疾患的发病率、患病率、病死率和致残率居高不下,细胞保护与细胞损伤修复药物、策略和方法的转化研发、应用与推广一直停滞不前或进展过缓应是其重要原因之一。本研究通过医学、生物学、数据库构建、程序编写、软件研制、统计分析及管理工程等多个领域专业人员的通力合作,对2012年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖两位获奖者关于"成熟细胞可以被重编程而多能化"的原始研究及其被引用的大规模复杂信息数据做整体定量对比和局部关联解析,探讨体细胞重编程研究的临床应用前景和实现策略,发现两位获奖者原创性研究及其影响在时间、学科、科学和技术等多个层面与角度上差异具有统计学意义,揭示和证明了加强与加快转化医学和转化神经科学研究的时代意义、紧迫需求、重要方向、目标与路径及我国医学科研管理体系因此所面临的重要挑战。

Cerebrovascular diseases,dementia,diabetes,malignant tumors and degenerative bone diseases remain high prevalence,incidence,disability and mortality rates.One important reason might be the slow or stagnated progress in translating and applying cytoprotection and cellular repair researches into clinical practice.Based on collaboration among biomedical researchers,database experts,computer programmers,statisticians and management engineers,this is the first study to apply quantitative comparison on the overall characteristics and partial correlation analysis on the large-scale complex information and data regarding the topic 'mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent' proposed by Sir John B.Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka who were jointly awarded with 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,as well as articles that cited publications of the two Nobel Laureates to discuss the prospects of translating somatic cell reprogramming researches into clinical practice and corresponding implementation strategies.The study found that there was statistically significant difference between the two Nobel Laureates with regard to the number,publication date,subject categories and scientific and technological focuses of their original researches.The study revealed the importance,objectives,approaches and research trends of translational medicine,especially translational neuroscience.The study also identified the challenges that China should overcome to improve its medical research management scheme.