我国电镀环保标准体系研究与建议(Ⅰ)——标准现状与体系框架

A Study on the Environmental Protection Standard System for Electroplating Industry and Some Advices( Ⅰ)——Standards Status Quo and System Framework

为促进电镀行业健康可持续发展和保护生态环境与人体健康,全面、系统梳理了我国已发布和正在制订的电镀相关环境保护标准,其中,现行标准191项,正在制订的标准44项。现行标准中包括产品污染控制标准3项,污染物排放标准1项,环境监测规范82项,管理规范类标准105项。这些标准对电镀行业的环保管理和技术指导发挥了重要的规范、引导和支撑作用。但是,整体协调性和分类方式仍有待提高,需结合实际工作提出新的标准分类方式和体系框架。根据研究确定了污染防治与环境管理相结合、源头预防与综合利用以及末端治理相结合、水气声渣统筹考虑、环保要求与技术指导相结合、单一企业、工业园区建设与区域环保工作相结合的电镀环保标准体系构建原则,并提出标准体系框架,共分为3大类12个方面,主要包括电镀污染防治、电镀环境管理和电镀环境监测。

Not only the published environmental protection standards for electroplating industry, but also the standards which are being prepared, are completely and systematically investigated and analyzed. There are 191 environmental protection standards in force in which 1 standard is pollutant control standard for products,3 are pollutant discharge standards,82 are environmental monitoring guidance and 105 are environmental management specifications and there are 44 standards being prepared. All these standards have played important roles in technological guidance and environmental management. But the overall coordination and classification mode still need to be improved. The basic principles for setting up the environmental protection standard system for electroplating industry are proposed including the combination of pollution prevention and control with environmental management, combination of prevention from source with waste material reuse and end-of - pipe treatment and disposal, as a whole to consider water, gas, soild and noise pollution, combination of environmental protection requirement and technological guidance, and combination of single enterprise or industrial park and environmental protection for a region. The standard system framework is suggested which could be classified into 3 categories and 12 aspects, including pollution prevention and control, environmental management and environmental monitoring for electroplating industry.