三峡库区小流域产流产沙试验研究

An Experimental Study on Runoff and Sediment Yield of Watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir Region

通过建立三峡库区小流域缩微模型,分别进行了3场人工模拟降雨试验(降雨强度分别为60,90,120mm/h),对小流域产流产沙过程进行了研究。结果表明,3场降雨试验的产流量及产沙量均随降雨强度的增加而增加,但产流量的增加幅度远大于产沙量。产流量在3场降雨过程中均随径流时间呈现先增大后趋于稳定的趋势,但产沙量变化规律较为复杂。在各场次降雨下,累积产流量和累积产沙量均随降雨历时的增加呈线性函数规律变化。3场降雨产流的含沙量均呈波动形式变化。

A watershed model was established based on a field survey of a small watershed located in the Three Gorges Reservoir region, three simulated rainfall events which intensities were 60, 90 and 120 mm/h on the watershed to study the process of runoff and sediment yield. The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield increased with the increase of rainfall intensity, hut the runoff yield increased much faster than sediment yield. In each of the three rainfalls, the runoff showed the tendency of increasing initially before tending to be stable, but the sediment yield changed quite complicated. In each rainfall, both the cumulative runoff and sediment yield varied in a linear function law with the increase of rainfall duration. A fluctuation change of sediment concentration was showed in three simulated rainfalls experiments.