木质纤维素发酵生产丁醇研究进展

Progress of Butanol Production with Lignocellulose as Substrate

从木质纤维素的预处理、抑制剂对发酵的影响、去除抑制剂的方法及耐抑制剂菌株的筛选等四个方面对木质纤维素生产丁醇进行了综述。木质纤维素一般通过酸处理、碱处理和高压蒸汽爆裂三种方法进行预处理,此过程产生的抑制剂会破坏细胞结构,造成细胞部分功能丢失,从而抑制细胞的生长代谢。树脂吸附、浊点萃取等物理手段,添加Ca(OH)2、过氧化氢等化学试剂,都能有效的去除抑制剂。此外,对现有的能源菌进行驯化和诱变,筛选耐抑制剂的突变菌也是行之有效的方法,目前丁醇的产量已经能够达到18 g/L。

We described the progress of butanol production base on lignocellulose as substrate from the following four aspects： the pretreatment of lignocellulose, the effects of inhibitors on fermentation, the ways to remove inhibitors and the isolation of inhibitor-tolerance bacteria. Lignocellulose generally needed to be pretreated in acid solution, alkali solution or burst in high-pressure steam container. In this process, inhibitors were produced which could destroy the cell structure and resulted in a loss of cell function, thereby inhibiting its metabolism. Physical methods such as resin adsorption, cloud point extraction, chemicals like Ca（OH）2 and hydrogen peroxide, etc., could be used to remove inhibitors effectively. In addition, domestication and mutagenesis of existing strains was also an effective way to screen and select inhibitors-resistant strains. Production of butanol had reached to 18 g/L via above methods.