麻黄多糖提取工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Ephedran

目的优选中药麻黄多糖的水提醇沉工艺。方法以硫酸-苯酚法测定麻黄多糖含量;以麻黄多糖得率及干膏率为指标,正交试验优选麻黄提取工艺;以多糖得率为指标,单因素试验考察提取液浓缩程度、醇沉浓度、醇沉时间对多糖得率的影响,采用星点设计-效应面优化法,拟合二次多项式模型描述考察指标与因素间的数学关系,优选最佳醇沉工艺条件。结果最佳提取工艺为麻黄加水浸泡12 h,加热回流提取2次,每次1.5 h,加水倍数分别为30倍和28倍;根据单因素试验结果及拟合模型,确定最佳醇沉工艺为提取液浓缩至每1 mL含2 g生药,搅拌下加95%乙醇至醇浓度为90%,于4℃放置24 h。结论该工艺简单可行,多糖得率高。

Objective To optimize the water extraction and ethanol precipitation technology of the Chines medicine ephedran. Methods The sulfuric acid phenol method was adopted to detect the ephedrau content; with the ephedran yield and the extraction rate as the indexes, the extraction technology of ephedra was optimized by the orthogonal test; with the polysaccharide yield as the index, the influence of concentration degree of extraction solution, concentration and time of ethanol precipitation on the polysaccharide yield was investigated by the single factor test. The mathematic relation of the investigated indexes with the factors was investigated by adopting the central composite design- response surface methodology and the second order polynomial fitting model. The optimum ethanol precipitation process condition was optimized. Results The optimum extraction process was that ephedra was added with water for 12 h, extracting twice and 1.5 h each time, the added water amounts were 30 and 28 times respectively; according to the single factor test results and the fitting model, the determined optimum ethanol precipitation process was as follows： the extraction solution was concentrated to 2 g crude drug/mL, under stirring 95% ethanol was added to the ethanol concentration of 90%, and placed for 24 h at 4 ℃. Conclusion This optimized technology is simple and feasible with high polysaceharides yield.