经济扶持的生态保护政策与山区农户的收入——基于响应与参与视角的考察

Ecological Protection Policy Attached Economic Support and Income of Rural Households in Mountainous——Exploration in the View of Response and Participation

本文利用在陕西省安康市旬阳县、石泉县和岚皋县山区农户的访谈调查数据和问卷调查数据,从农户的视角分析了生态移民政策、退耕还林政策和小流域综合治理政策在实施过程中给予农户的响应和参与空间以及三类政策对农户收入的影响,结果发现:(1)农户在生态移民政策实施过程中表现了低响应度和中等程度的参与性;(2)在退耕还林实践中,农户有中等程度的响应性和低等程度的参与性;(3)在小流域综合治理实践中,农户有高响应性和高参与性.综合分析的结论是:生态保护政策辅助的经济扶持措施在短期会增加农户的收入,但如果试图改变参与户长期的收入模式,应着重考虑如何使农户更积极地响应和参与到这些经济扶持措施的设计与实施中去.

According to the data of interview survey and questionnaire survey for farmers in mountainous area of Xunyang county,Shiquan county and Langao county,Ankang city,Shanxi province,the response,participation and the effect of income for farmers in the process of implementation of economic policies,such as ecolotical immigration,returning farmland to forest and small watershed management,were analysed. The conclusions were as follows： firstly,farmers showed the low responsiveness and moderate degree of participation for economical migration; secondly,farmers presented the moderate degree of responsiveness and low degree of participation for returning farmland to forest; thirdly,farmers gave the higher responsiveness and higher participation for small watershed management. In sum,the income of farmers could be increased by the measure of ecological protection of economic support in the short term. However,if the long-trem income model of farmers is changed,how to enable farmers to actively responsiveness and participate in the design and implementation of these economic support measures should be considered.