动物听觉通讯与大熊猫保护

Animal Acoustic Communication and the Conservation of the Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

动物的通讯行为具有非常重要的生存适应意义。其主要功能有:识别(包括个体识别、物种识别、种群识别及社会等级识别)、繁殖和报警等。视觉通讯、听觉通讯、化学通讯和触觉通讯是动物常用的通讯方式。其中,声音信号具有传播距离远、传递速度快、不留痕迹等特点,并且在视觉信号被遮蔽时(如夜晚或丛林深处)也能有效传递信息。因此,听觉通讯在动物通讯中十分普遍。近年来,对动物听觉通讯的研究文献逐渐增多,大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)听觉通讯成为了研究热点。本文综述了动物听觉通讯以及大熊猫听觉通讯的最新研究,论述和展望了听觉通讯研究在大熊猫保护方面的应用前景。

Communication behavior of animals is very important for their survival. Its main features are identification （including individual identification,species identification,population identification and social class identification） , breeding, alarming and so on. Visual communication, acoustic communication, chemical communication and tactile communication are the common means of communication used by the animal. Among them, the sound signal has such many good traits as long distance propagation, high speed, without leaving any traces and so on. When the visual signal does not work （ at night or in jungle） , the sound signal also can effectively convey information.. So, acoustic communication is widespread in animals. In recent years, the literature of animal acoustic communication research has gradually increased, the giant panda （Ailuropoda melanoleuca） acoustic communication has become a research hotspot. This paper reviews the animal acoustic communication and the latest correlation research of giant pandas and deals with application prospects of these researches in the giant panda conservation.