厚皮甜瓜“黄皮9818”露地嫁接栽培研究

Study on Grafting Technique in Open Field of “Yellow 9818” Muskmelon

以‘Tab.seed’(日本)、‘メロソパ-ャフ-’(日本)、"科鸿砧1号"、"华砧1号"、"华砧2号"、"青研砧木一号"、"良缘"7种不同砧木与厚皮甜瓜"黄皮9818"进行嫁接,对吐鲁番地区春季露地简约化栽培进行研究。结果表明:"科鸿砧1号"、"华砧1号"、"华砧2号"、"青研砧木一号"的嫁接甜瓜根系强于自根苗,且产量显著高于自根苗;嫁接栽培甜瓜果实性状分析表明,"甜瓜本砧"、"华砧1号"嫁接"黄皮9818"果实中可溶性固性物显著高于自根苗;蛋白质和总酸含量也均高于自根苗。"华砧1号"嫁接甜瓜果实中维生素C含量最高;本砧嫁接甜瓜根瘤率较低,但亲和性较好。该研究中选择合适的砧木不仅可有效提高果实产量和品质,也可有效防止甜瓜蔓枯病和枯萎病的危害,研究发现"科鸿砧1号"综合表现较好,可进一步进行推广研究。

With‘Tab.Seed＇（Japan）,‘メロソパ-ャフ-‘（Japan）,‘Huazhen No.1＇,‘Huazhen No.2＇,‘Qingyan rootstock No.1＇,‘Liangyuan＇which were selected as seven different rootstocks respectively and grafted with muskmelon‘Yellow 9818＇,open field of spring cultivation in Turpan areas were studied.The results showed that,‘Huazhen No.1＇,‘Huazhen No.2＇,‘Qingyan rootstock No.1＇grafting melon roots were stronger than self-rooted,and the yield was significantly higher than self-rooted.Melon fruit traits of grafting cultivated analysis showed that‘Kehongzhen No.1＇and‘Huazhen No.1＇grafting‘Yellow 9818＇fruit of the soluble solids were significantly higher than self-rooted;the contents of protein and total acid were also higher than the self-rooted.‘Huazhen No.1＇grafted melon fruit of vitamin C content was the highest;this grafting melon of nodule rates was lower,but the affinity was better.In this study,selecting the appropriate rootstock not only effectively improved the fruit of yield and quality,but also effectively prevented the melon gummy stem blight and wilt endanger disease.The study found that‘Kehongzhen No.1＇with overall performance was better,it would be further promotion research.