不同地区牛膝种子的萌发变异

Variations of Achyranthes bidentata Germination at Different Regions

以牛膝种子为试材,对不同地区牛膝种子在10、15、20、25、30、35、40℃共7个恒温及15/25℃变温下的萌发特性进行了比较研究。结果表明:宾川采集种子大小(3.737mg)显著大于思茅(2.180mg)。宾川种子萌发最低温为15℃,最高温为40℃,最适萌发恒温为25℃和30℃;思茅种子萌发最低温为15℃,最高温为35℃,最适萌发恒温为25℃和20℃;思茅和宾川采集种子在变温下的萌发率与最适恒温下的萌发率间差异不显著,且萌发速率均明显低于各自最适恒温。宾川种子(大种子)在30℃和15/25℃变温下的萌发率显著高于思茅(小种子),其它温度间差异不显著;宾川种子(大种子)在15℃、20℃和15/25℃变温下的萌发速率显著低于思茅(小种子),其它温度间差异不显著。种子大小是造成两地牛膝种群间种子萌发能力差异的主要原因之一,不同的萌发温度可不同程度的影响种子的萌发行为。

Taking the seed of A.bidentata as test material,germination of A.bidentatafrom Simao and Binchuan was tested at seven constant temperatures（10,15,20,25,30,35,40℃）and one alternating temperature（15/25℃）.The results showed that,seed size that collected from Binchuan was significantly greater than that collected in Simao.Seed from Binchuan：the lowest temperature was 15℃,the highest temperature was 40℃,and the optimal germination temperature was 25℃and 30℃;The seed from Simao：the lowest temperature was 15℃,the highest temperature was35℃,and the optimal germination temperature was 25℃and 20℃;There were no significant difference under alternating temperature（15/25℃）and optimal temperature in seed germination percentage in the seeds from Binchuan and Simao.But the germination rate under alternating temperature（15/25℃）was significantly lower than the optimal temperature.Compared with the two seed germination characteristics,the germination percentage of seed at 30℃ and 15/25℃temperature was significantly higher than that of small seeds.The germination rate of seed at 15℃,20℃and 15/25℃temperature were significantly lower than that of small seeds.There were no significant differences in other temperature.In a word,seed size was one of the main causes of differences between seed germination ability between two populations of A.bidentata,and germination temperature could also influence the germination behavior of seeds.