滨海盐碱地土壤改良添加物筛选研究

Study on Screening of Suitable Additives on Coastal Saline Soil

以滨海盐碱地土壤为研究对象,通过田间试验方法,选择玉米秸秆、腐熟牛粪的不同配比组合施用于盐碱土上,研究了滴灌淡水洗盐对土壤全盐含量、pH值及芙蓉葵植株生长状况的影响。结果表明:玉米秸秆对提高土壤脱盐效果优于腐熟牛粪,土壤全盐含量相对降低量最大是T2(粉碎玉米秸秆0.10m3/m2),其次是T5(粉碎玉米秸秆0.05m3+腐熟牛粪0.05m3/m2)。腐熟牛粪对于提高盐碱地地力、芙蓉葵成活率、促进植株生长效果明显,芙蓉葵成活率和生长状况最好是T3(腐熟牛粪0.10m3/m2),其次是T5。综合考虑腐熟牛粪、玉米秸秆添加物对土壤脱盐效果与芙蓉葵成活率、生长状况的影响,T5既可以达到脱盐效果又可以提高地力促进植株生长,基本达到了综合改良土壤的目的。但同时也发现玉米秸秆、腐熟牛粪2种添加物不同配比组合均没有达到降低土壤pH值的作用。因此建议增施磷石膏、腐殖酸等酸性土壤添加物来改善土壤酸碱度。

With coastal saline soil as test object,the different proportion of corn stalks and decomposed cow dung were added to test soil for evaluating their effect on amelioration of saline and alkaline by the field experiment,soil total salt content,soil pH value and Hibiscu grandiflorus L.growth conditions were measured.The results showed that the corn stalks were better than decomposed cow dung in improving soil desalting effect.The best treatment was 2（corn stalks0.10m^3/m^2）,followed by treatment 5（decomposed cow dung 0.05m^3/m^2＋corn stalks 0.05m^3/m^2）.The decomposed cow dung was obviously for improving saline-alkali soil fertility,plant survival rate and plant growth.The best treatment was 3（decomposed cow dung 0.10m^3/m^2）,followed by treatment 5for plant growth.Considering the effect of corn stalks and decomposed cow dung on soil desalting,plant growth and survival rate,and concluded that treatment 5could improve the desalting effect and soil fertility,and basically achieved the purposes of comprehensive soil amelioration.But corn stalks and decomposed cow dung didn＇t reduce the soil pH value.Therefore suggested that increasing phosphorus gypsum,humic acid and other acidic soil additives to improve soil pH value.