咏春拳日字冲捶的运动学研究

Kinematics analysis of Wing Chun Rizi punch

目的:通过对咏春拳日字冲捶动作的运动学分析,为咏春拳技术要领科学化阐释提供数据支撑,并探讨咏春拳的发力特征.方法:运用VICON红外三维运动学分析系统对5咏春拳教练咏春拳日字冲捶动作过程的拳速、拳加速度、膝关节角度、肘关节角度数据进行分析.结果:动作开始时拳速变化很小,至整个动作时间的60%快速增加,约在为整个冲拳时间90%达到拳速峰值;冲拳侧膝关节呈现"先弯曲后伸直"角度变化;肩髋相对转动突然但幅度小.结论:日字冲捶仍符合自下而上顺序:下肢膝关节先蹬伸形成"引",腰髋小幅拧转是为"承",最后肘关节迅速伸直是"发",符合传统武术的发力理论.

Objectives：By analyze the characteristic of Wing Chun Rizi punch , this paper aims to provide the data for the scientific explanation of the key Wing Chun techniques and to discuss its punching features .Research Methods：By using VICON compressors , this paper makes an analysis of biomechanical characteristics of five Wing Chun male coaches Rizi punching from the boxing speed , acceleration boxing , knee angle , the shoulder hip rotation angle, elbow angle.Results： fist speed changed little at the beginning , rapid increase in 60% for the entire action time , reached a peak fist speed around 90%for the entire punch time .Punch side knee showing the angle change of “straight after bent”.The variation of rotation angle of shoulder and hip is .Conclusions：1） punch side knee ’ s extension after bent was the beginning of momentum .2 ） The small but sudden rotation of shoulder and hip is the key skill of Ri -zi punch.3） it is still in line with bottom -up order：lower extremity knee kicking first as the “lead”, waist and hip twisting slightly along with it shows “smooth”, finally elbow joint quickly straightening out presents “rapidly”.This study proved Ri -zi punch followed the core technology theory of traditional martial arts .