长江中下游江浙沪地区气候舒适度评价

The Evaluation of Synthesis Comfort in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai Areas of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

为了评价长江中下游江浙沪地区气候综合舒适度,利用1962-2012年江浙沪地区38个气象观测站点的月平均气温、月平均湿度、月平均风速资料,分析江浙沪地区气候综合舒适度的年季变化及空间分布特征;并利用ArcGIS成图。结果表明：1962-2012年间江浙沪地区气候舒适度呈波动下降趋势,上海气候舒适度下降最快,杭州次之、南京最小。上海、南京、杭州三市年平均综合舒适度分别为7.13、7.35、6.93。综合舒适度年变化呈＂W＂型分布,一年中5-10月人体感觉均较为舒适,其中6月、9月是全年最为舒适月,1、2、3和11、12月份人体感觉极不舒适。江浙沪地区空间分布冬季北部不舒适等级高于南部;夏季北部舒适等级高于南部、内陆高于沿海。该研究结果为江浙沪地区的居民建筑能耗调控、旅游规划和人居环境评价提供重要参考。

In order to evaluate the comfort of Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai areas which located in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,this essay is based on daily average temperature,average daily humidity and data of daily-mean wind speed of 38 meteorological stations in these areas during the year of 1962 - 2012. Analyzing the characteristics of years after years and taking advantage of ArcGIS interpolation to analyze spatial distribution characteristics of comfort. The results demonstrate that the comfort feelings showing a wavelike decrease,and Shanghai declines the fastest as well as Nanjing remains mitigate. Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou share the same tendency of the change of comfort in each month,and the average annual overall comfort of these cities are 7. 13,7. 35,6. 93 respectively. The annual changes of comfort looks like a＂W＂. People feel comfortable from May to October,especially in June and September. However,people feel uncomfortable in these five months-January,February,March,November and December. In terms of the uncomfortable level in spatial distribution,in winter it is higher in the north areas when compared with the south areas,and in summer the comfortable level of north areas is higher than the south areas,as well as the inland areas is higher than the coastal areas. This essay give reference to energy consumption,tourism planning and human decision making for living in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.