论我国讯问前权利告知的完善

On the Improvement of Informed Rights before Interrogation in Our Country

在法治国家(地区),沉默权和律师帮助权是讯问前最主要的告知内容,如果侦查机关未告知这些权利,则所获供述有可能落入非法供述排除的范围。在讯问前未告知权利与非法供述排除规则的关系上,法治国家(地区)形成了原则加例外模式和裁量排除模式。我国《刑事诉讼法》虽有讯问前告知权利的规定,但告知内容单薄,且未确立程序违法所获供述排除规则。作为理想的改革措施,我国应借鉴法治国家(地区)有关讯问前权利告知制度,建立完整的讯问前权利告知规则;通过对现行立法和司法解释相关规定的进一步挖掘,也可以在不突破现行法律框架的情况下一定程度上弥补我国讯问前权利告知规则的缺陷。

In the countries （districts） under the rule of law, the most important informed contents are the right of silence and right to counsel before interrogation. If the investigation organs do not inform the rights, the con-fessions would be exclusive. In the relation between uninformed rights and illegal confession exclusion, two models of the principle plus exception and discretionary exclusion in the countries （districts） under the rule of law. Rules about informed rights before interrogation have been regulated in our Code of Criminal Procedure, but informed contents are thin and the confession exclusionary principle through illegal procedure is not es-tablished. As the ideal reform measures, we should learn the informed rights system from the countries （dis-tricts） under the rule of law to establish the completed system. Within the existing legal framework, the defects of the informed rights before interrogation can be remedied to a certain extent through exploiting the relevant provisions of the current legislation and judicial interpretation.