国际法院对安理会决议的间接司法审查权之探析

Analysis on Indirect Judicial Review of Security Council's Resolutions by International Court of Justice

由于缺乏《联合国宪章》和《国际法院规约》的明示授权,国际法院是否有权审查安理会的决议,在国际法学界是有争议的。司法实践以及隐含权力的理论,可以成为国际法院间接司法审查权的法律基础,间接审查权的特点在于审查的效力,在《联合国宪章》和《国际法院规约》修改之前,国际法院不能宣告安理会决议的无效。安理会的决议按其涉及的内容,分为执行、准立法和准司法三类,国际法院对三类决议分别适用不同的审查标准。

Due to lack of authorization of Charters of United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, it is controversial whether the International Court of Justice has the power to review the Security Council＇s resolutions. Judicial practice and theory of implied powers can become the legal basis for the Inter-national Court＇s power of judicial review indirectly. Characteristic of indirect judicial review is the effective-ness of the review. Before the modification, the Court cannot declare the Security Council＇s resolutions invalid. The resolutions of the Security Council, according to the content, can be divided into execution, quasi legisla-tive and quasi judicial three kinds, so the International Court of Justice applies to different standard of review on three kinds of resolutions.