工程伦理的公私分野与超越

How to Transcend the Public-private Division of Engineering Ethics

所有工程活动都涉及伦理价值权衡,而权衡可以朝向公益的方向,也可能自私的作出。市场经济秩序下,工程项目的追逐私利更关注"交换性正义",并不意味着必然走向非伦理化,只是私利私欲的膨胀、技术竞争的过度容易引起视野的短期化,加剧了工程技术开发和应用的公害风险。在工程实践中,伴随着工程安全事故的频发,公益为先的原则获得广泛认同,同时也遭遇了实施困境。工程活动中强调活私开公、公共协商,旨在打破公私二元对立的立场与思维方式,建构一种超越经济主义、科技主义、工具主义、理想主义的公共伦理,以实现"工程造福人类"的伦理诉求。

All engineering activities involve ethics value balance which can be toward the direction of the public,may also be selfish.Under the market economic order,the pursuit of self-interest of the engineering project,which is more concerned about ＂ commutative justice＂,does not mean the trend towards non ethical inevitably.Only when expansion of private desires and excessive technology competition easily lead to short-term horizons which increase public nuisance risk of the engineering technology development and application.In engineering practice,accompanied by frequent engineering accidents,the principle of public welfare for the first,which has been widely recognized,but also encountered implementation difficulties.In the engineering activities,emphasis was placed on activation of private,open of public,and common consultation,trying to break the public-private dualistic position and ways of thinking,and construct a kind of common ethics of going beyond economic nationalism,scientific doctrine,instrumentalism and idealism,in order to achieve the ＂ ethical demands of engineering for the benefit of mankind＂.