独立科学家:特质、形成机理与政策启示

The Independent Scientist:the Nature,the Formation Mechanism and the Policy Revelation

培养杰出科学家、催生重大科技成果是我国面临的一大难题,对独立科学家的研究有助于为解决这一问题提供借鉴。本文在界定独立科学家内涵的基础上,采取多案例研究方法,归纳分析了独立科学家的特质,分别为自由奔放、返璞归真、特立独行、跨界游移和能力卓越,接下来依据条件积累、螺旋上升和作用外显三个典型阶段分析了独立科学家特质的形成机理,最后得出对促进我国人才培养具有参考价值的政策建议。

To cultivate the outstanding scientists and boost the major scientific and technological achievements is a difficult problem which China encounters.The research of independent scientist provides guidance to solve the problem.This study defines the concept of independent scientist,and analyzes independent scientists＇ natures by multiple case study approach.The characteristics of independent scientist are illustrated,including the pursuit of freedom and passion,the return to innocence,the independence in mind and action,the movement cross-boundaries and the capabilities in first-class.Corresponding to these characteristics,the formation mechanism of how the independent scientists grew up is then analyzed and divided into three stages,consisting of qualification accumulation,the raise in a spiral and the show of effects.In the end,the policy suggestions about how to cultivate the talents are revealed to offer reference value.