山洪灾害防御技术现状与发展趋势探索

Exploration on present situation and developing tendency of mountain flood disaster prevention technology

初步总结了我国山洪灾害防治技术的现状和现行防御思路形成及实践的历程,探索了山洪灾害防御技术特别是监测系统、预警系统、决策指挥系统等发展方向。认为水雨情监测方面的发展趋势是雷达、卫星、雨量站多源信息融合,特别是雷达与雨量站的结合应用;预警方面的发展趋势是局地范围内的封闭式预警体系及网格化管理;监测预警平台发展方向是基于调查评价数据的山洪预报系统、省市县级平台远程诊断和运行维护技术。

This paper preliminarily summarizes the present conditions of mountain flood disaster prevention technology and the formation and practice process of defense thought in China, and explores the development direction of mountain flood disaster prevention technology, especially the monitoring system, early warning system and decision-making system. It holds that： the developing tendency of water and rain situations monitoring is multi-source information fusion of radar, satellite, and rainfall station, especially the combination of radar and rain-gauge;developing tendency of early warning is to develop early warning system and grid management within local regions;development of monitoring and early warning platform is the flash flood forecasting system based on the investigation data and the platform remote diagnosis and system maintenance technology on the province and county scale.