暴力犯罪、财产犯罪人员的社会心理因素初步调查

Social psychological factors related to violent crime and property crime

目的:探讨暴力犯罪、财产犯罪行为的社会心理因素,为有效预防犯罪提供依据。方法:在昆明市看守所选取符合暴力犯罪条件的犯罪人员51人,符合财产犯罪条件的犯罪人员52人,同时按照年龄、性别与暴力犯罪组匹配的原则选取无犯罪经历的非犯罪人员50例为对照组。使用童年期创伤经历问卷(CTQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和家庭功能评定(FAD)进行测查。结果:暴力犯罪组在CTQ的情感虐待、性虐待、身体忽视和EPQ的精神质、神经质及FAD的沟通、总体功能得分均高于财产犯罪组和对照组[如情感虐待得分:(8.9±0.4)vs.(6.7±0.3),(6.2±0.5),均P<0.05],而SSRS的客观支持得分低于财产犯罪组和对照组(P<0.05);财产犯罪组在CTQ的情感忽视、EPQ的神经质和内外向、FAD的问题解决得分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,CTQ的情感虐待、EPQ的精神质、神经质和内外向、FAD的家庭总的功能是暴力犯罪的危险因素(OR=1.43、1.06、1.42、8.57、140.60);CTQ的情感忽视、EPQ的神经质和内外向、FAD的问题解决功能是财产犯罪的危险因素(OR=1.48、1.05、1.12、11.16)。结论:暴力犯罪和财产犯罪可能与童年期创伤经历、人格特质和家庭功能缺失有关。

Objective：To investigate the social psychological factors related to violent crime and property crime,in order to provide the basis for effective prevention of crime.Methods：In the detention center of Kunming,51 cases met the requirements of violent crime and 52 cases in conformity with the conditions of property crime and 50 gender-and age-matched normal controls were selected.They were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire （CTQ）,Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） and Family Assessment Device （FAD）.Results：The scores of CTQ emotional abuse,sexual abuse,and body neglect,EPQ psychoticism,neuroticism and extroversion,and FAD communication and family total function were higher in the violent crime group than in the property crime group and the control group[e.g.,emotional abuse scores,（8.9 ± 0.4） vs.（6.7 ± 0.3）,（6.2 ± 0.5） ; Ps ＜ 0.05],but the SSRS objective support scores were lower in the violent crime group than in the other two groups （Ps ＜0.05）.The scores of CTQ emotional neglect,EPQ neuroticism and extroversion,and FAD solving problem were higher in the property crime group than in the control group （Ps ＜0.05） Logistic regression analysis showed that CTQ emotional abuse,EPQ psychoticism,neuroticism and extroversion,and FAD family total function were risk factors of violent crime （OR =1.43,1.06,1.42,8.57,140.60）.CTQ emotional neglect,EPQ neuroticism and extroversion,and FAD function of solving problems were risk factors for property crimes （OR =1.48,1.05,1.12,11.16）.Conclusion：It suggests that violent crime and property crime may be related to childhood trauma experience,personality wait and lack of family function.