海口市2006～2013年围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

Monitoring of birth defects of perinatal babies in Haikou in 2006-2013

目的了解海口市2006--2013年围产儿出生缺陷监测的情况，分析海口市出生缺陷的高危及高发因素，探索其影响因素，以减少海口市出生缺陷的发生率。方法以描述性流行病学方法对海口市2006—2013年在监测医院内出生的1411例有出生缺陷的围产儿进行统计分析。结果海口市2006～2013年围产儿118199例，出生缺陷儿1411例，出生缺陷总发生率为119．37/万；出生缺陷种类顺位前65是：先天性心脏病、多指（趾）、唇裂合并腭裂、先天性脑积水、马蹄内翻足、肢体短缩；孕母年龄〈25岁或〉35岁的出生缺陷发生率明显高于其它各年龄组，乡村发生率高于城镇，男性发生率高于女性，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论针对海口市出生缺陷监测情况，应将工作重点放在农村，主要进行婚前医学检查、优生咨询、加强孕期保健，全面实施出生缺陷的三级预防，减少缺陷儿的出生。

Objective To monitor the birth defects in Haikou from 2006 to 2013 and explore the influential factors of birth defect. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods was applied to analyze the 1 411 birth defect infants in Haikou from 2006 to 2013. Result The 1 411 of 118 199 perinatal infants in Haikou from 2006 to 2013 had birth defects with the incidence of 119.37/100 000; the six top birth defects were ： congenital cardiopathy, hyperdactylia, polydactylism, cleft lip and cleft palate, congenital hydrocephalus, clubfoot, limb shortening. The incidence in pregnant age group 〈 25 or 〉 35 years old was significantly higher than other age groups, incidence in the rural areas were higher than urban areas , incidence of male birth defect infants were higher than females, showing the statistically significant differences （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence was high incidence in rural areas was high. Thus three level prevention of birth defects such as pre-marital medical examination, preconception counselling and gestational health care be strengthed in rural areas.