1414株铜绿假单胞菌临床分布与耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimens

目的了解铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)感染的临床分布及耐药情况。方法采用VITEK2-compact检测系统对分离菌株进行鉴定和药敏试验检测,回顾性分析PAE菌株临床分布特点及耐药性。结果共检出1 414株PAE,以痰液检出最多[1 126株(79.63%)],其次为伤口分泌物[88株(6.22%)]。PAE对头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南的耐药率分别为31.61%、22.98%、33.73%、14.07%、31.40%、31.61%、34.23%,对氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、头孢替坦、头孢唑啉、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲噁唑均高度耐药,耐药率大于95.00%。2012年妥布霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦耐药率较2011年明显下降(P<0.05)。结论氨基糖苷类、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南可作为治疗PAE感染的经验用药。

Objective To study the prevalence and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PAE）strains.Methods Identification and drug sensitivity of PAE strains were detected by using VITEK 2-compact system.Clinical distribution and drug resistance were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 1 414 PAE strains were isolated,1 126（79.63%）of which were isolated from sputum,and 88（6.22%）strains were isolated from wound specimens.Resistant rates of PAE strains to ceftazidime,cefepime,gentamicin,amikacin,tobramycin,piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem were 31.61%,22.98%,33.73%,14.07%,31.40%,31.61% and 34.23%.Resistant rates of PAE strains to ampicillin,nitrofurantoin,cefotetan,cefazolin,ampicillin-sulbactam and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxozole were over 95%.Resistant rates of PAE strains to tobramycin and piperacillin-tazobactam in 2012 were lower than those in 2011.Conclusion Aminoglycosides,ceftazidime,cefepime,piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem could be the most sensitive antibiotics to treat PAE infection.