睾丸移植的发展历程与研究进展

Development and Research Progress of Testis Transplantation

睾丸移植作为治疗高位腹腔型隐睾、男性性腺功能减退及男性不育的有效手段,在吻合血管的自体、异体睾丸移植,睾丸组织及精原干细胞移植,睾丸间质细胞移植方面取得了较大进展。与此同时,也遇到诸多制约其发展的问题,其中最主要的当属移植术后难以持续、稳定地产生成熟的生殖细胞。联合移植方法的使用使包括胰岛和神经元在内的细胞在移植后可以较长时间存活,从而为糖尿病或者帕金森病的治疗提供了新的出路。

As an effective way to treat abdominal cryptorchidism,male hypogonadism and male infertility,technique of testis transplantation has made a lot of advances in microsurgical autotransplantation,homotransplantation,testicular tissue transplantation,spermatogonial stem cell transplantation,and leydig cell transplantation.Meanwhile,many problems limit its development,the major one of which is the difficulty in sustained and stable production of mature reproductive cells after transplantation.Cotransplantation can make transplanted cells,including pancreas islet cells and neurons,survive for a long time,therefore,provide a new way of treatment for diabetes or Parkinson＇s disease.