产后抑郁的相关因素分析及防治措施

Analysis on Related Factors of Postpartum Depression and Its Preventive Measures

目的分析产后抑郁发生的相关影响因素,并总结有效的防治措施。方法选取武汉市第三医院光谷关山院区妇保科2010年1月至2013年2月期间住院分娩的产妇,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和艾氏产后抑郁问卷(EPDS)对378例产妇予以评定,分为产后抑郁组和非抑郁组,采用单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析方法筛选出相关危险因素。结果单因素分析显示,两组在睡眠状况(82.3%vs 26.2%)、婴儿健康情况(92.2%vs 79.8%)、夫妻关系(84.0%vs 63.1%)、家庭月收入(52.7%vs 31.0%)、母乳喂养(63.6%vs 41.7%)和产后工作压力(74.5%vs 54.8%)等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,夫妻关系、母乳喂养和产后工作压力均为产后抑郁的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论产后抑郁与夫妻关系、母乳喂养和产后工作压力等多种因素有关,根据上述因素制订有效防治措施可降低产后抑郁的发病率。

Objective To analyze the related factors of postpartum depression and summarize the effective control measures.Methods A total of 378 cases of lying-in mother hospitalized in Department of Women Heahh Care,Guanshan District,Wuhan Third hospital during Jan.2010 and Feb.2013 were given Self-rating depressive scale （SDS） and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS） to evaluate on depression and divided into two groups （postpartum depression group and the non-depression group）,and univariate and muhivariate Logistic regression analysis method were used to pick out the relevant risk factors of postpartum depression.Results Results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the aspects of sleep quality（82.3% vs 26.2%）,infant health （92.2% vs 79.8 %）,marital relationship（84.0% vs 63.1%）,family income（52.7 % vs 31.0 %）,breastfeeding（63.6% vs 41.7%） and postpartum work pressure（74.5% vs 54.8%）（P 〈 0.05） ; results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that marital relationship,breastfeeding and postpartum work pressure were influencing factors（P 〈 0.01） which were closely related to postpartum depression.Conclusion Postpartum depression is relevant to marital relationship,breastfeeding and postpartum work pressure and other factors,effective prevention measures developed according to the above factors can reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.