中小银行关系型贷款的问题与对策——以中小企业融资为视角

Problems in Small and Medium-sized Banks' Relationship Lending and Countermeasures——From the Perspective of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises' Financing

中小银行开展关系型贷款,不仅可以缓解中小企业融资难的社会问题,还能创造新的利润增长点。但是,目前关系型贷款没有得到中小银行和中小企业的广泛采用,原因主要在于中小银行自身定位不准确、信用评级制度不健全、存在"捆绑"风险以及相关法律制度不完善。转变中小银行的市场定位和信贷观念是促进中小银行开展关系型借贷的前提,完善的信用评级制度、存款保险制度和破产退出制度既是中小银行开展关系型贷款的有力保障,也是保护存款人利益、维护经济秩序稳定的重要保障。继续推进利率市场化改革,可以提高中小银行开展关系型贷款的积极性,保证关系型贷款的有序开展。

Relationship lending from small and medium-sized banks can not only alleviate small and medium-sized enterprises＇ difficulty in financing, but also create profit rises for banks. However, relationship lending has not been widely adopted by small and medium-sized banks and enterprises. The reason mainly lies in inaccurate self-positioning of small and medium- sized banks, unsound credit rating system, the existence of ＂binding＂ risks, and defects in related legal systems. The transformation of market positioning and credit concept is the premise to promote small and medium-sized banks to carry out relationship lending. Perfect credit rating system, deposit insurance system, and bankruptcy exit system are guarantee for banks to carry out relationship lending, and safeguard for the interests of depositors and the stability of economic order. Continuous market-based reform of interest rates can enhance the initiative of small and medium-sized banks to carry out relationship lending, and can ensure the orderly development of relationship lending.