环首都经济圈入境旅游规模—经济—质量空间演化研究

Research on Spatial Evolution of Inbound Tourism Scale-Economy-Quality in the Economic Circle around the Capital of China

从规模—经济—质量视角出发,采用变异系数、赫芬达尔系数、首位度、流质指数等对1996-2011年环首都经济圈9省市区的入境旅游空间演化进行分析。结果表明:1)环首都经济圈旅游规模和旅游经济空间分布趋向分散,9省市旅游发展的相对差异不断缩小,旅游发展趋向均衡化;2)环首都经济圈的空间结构由"单极辐射"到"三强并立"演变,北京是区域内入境旅游规模-经济-质量全面发展的最大增长极,山东、辽宁成为次增长极;3)地方经济发展水平、国际航线数、第三产业水平与旅游规模、经济显著相关,影响旅游质量的主要因素有人均GDP、经济外向度、交通网络密集度、高星级酒店比、等级公路、政府政策及区域经济发展战略等,而旅游产品结构对旅游质量的影响尤为重要。今后优化旅游目的地的旅游产品结构、加强与旅游发达省市区的联系是提高区域入境旅游发展水平的关键。

Based on inbound tourism panel data from 1996 to 2011, in the view of the Scale-Economy-Quality（SEQ） perspective, this paper makes an analysis of inbound tourism of 9 provinces around Beijing tourism economic area using coefficient of variation, Urban Primacy Index, Herfindal Index and Quality Index Results are shown as follows：Firstly, the distribution of tourist arrivals and tourism income tends to disperse, the tourism development of the 9 provinces and cities＇ relative difference is shrinking, and tends to equalization. Secondly, the capital economic circle of the spatial structure evolution from ＂unipolar radiation＂ to ＂three poles coexistence＂, Beijing is the largest regional growth in inbound tourism SEQ all-round development, Shandong and Liaoning has become the second two growth poles. Thirdly, the inbound tourism scale-economy is highly correlated to economic development level,number of international routes and the tertiary industry level. There are many factors influencing the quality of tourism, such as GDP per capita, extroverted degree, traffic network density, high star-rated hotels ratio, grade highways, government policy and regional economic development strategy, etc. Moreover, Tourism product structure is especially important factor influencing on the quality of tourism. Therefore, it＇s the key to optimize the structure of tourism products of tourism destination and contacting tourism-developed area in future.