季节和品种对种公牛鲜精液品质的影响

Breed and Seasonal Differences of the Fresh Semen Quality of Bulls

研究按季节和品种对种公牛采精记录进行方差分析,分别比较了季节对夏洛来、西门塔尔、利木赞、红安格斯、荷斯坦种公牛和弗莱维赫6个品种鲜精液品质的影响以及相同季节下的6个品种精液品质间的差异.分析了在季节和品种的双重条件下,精液品质间的相关性.结果表明：（1）西门塔尔、夏洛来和荷斯坦种公牛的单次射精量随季节变化排序均依次是：夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季.（2）西门塔尔、夏洛来、利木赞和红安格斯的鲜精子密度随季节变化排序依次是：春季＞夏季＞冬季＞秋季,且这四个品种鲜精子密度在四季的排序均为：西门塔尔＞夏洛来＞利木赞＞红安格斯.（3）各品种种公牛四季鲜精子活力排序均依次是：冬季＞春季＞秋季＞夏季;各品种种公牛鲜精子活力在四季的排序均为：利木赞＞夏洛来＞弗莱维赫、西门塔尔＞荷斯坦＞红安格斯;各品种夏季鲜精子活力均极显著低于其它三个季节（P＜0.01）.（4）荷斯坦种公牛鲜精子活力夏季占春季活力比率最高为（0.54/0.59）,利木赞次之（0.5/0.63）,弗莱维赫第三（0.47/0.6）,安格斯最低（0.34/0.49）.（5）红安格斯的单次射精量、精子密度和精子活力在相同季节下都低于其它5个品种.（6）在不同季节不同品种下,种公牛的射精量与鲜精子密度和鲜精子活力的相关系数分别是0.006和～0.019,鲜精子密度和鲜精子活力的相关系数是0.253.

In this study, semen collection records of the bulls in different seasons and from different breeds in Henan Dingyuan Cattle Breeding Co. Ltd were analyzed. The effects of seasons on fresh semen quality and correlation of semen quality variables in six breeds of Charolais, Simmental, Limousin, Angus, Holstein and Fleckvieh were calculated. The results showed that： the single ejaculate volume of Simmental, Charolais and Holstein bulls sequenced in a seasonal order of summer〉 autumn〉 spring〉 winter; the fresh sperm density of Simmental, Charolais, Limousin and Red Angus varied with the seasonal order of spring〉 summer〉winter〉 autumn, and fresh sperm density sorting at the four seasons changed by sequencing of Simmental〉 Charolais〉 Limousin〉 red Angus l Thirdly, all breeds of the Fresh semen viability of bulls sorted at seasonal order of winter〉 spring〉 autumn〉 summer, all breeds of Fresh semen viability were sorted by sequence of Limousin〉 Charolais〉 Fleckvieh, Simmental〉 Holstein〉 red Angus, all breeds of fresh sperm varieties in summer were significantly lower than in the three other seasons （P 〈0.01） ; Fourthly, the fresh semen viability of Holstein before accounting for the spring summer semen viability ratio was the highest （0.54/0.59）, followed by Limousin （0.5/0.63）, Fleckvieh （0.47/ 0.6）, and Angus,the lowest, （0.34/0.49） ; the ejaculate volume, sperm density and fresh semen viability of red Angus in the same season were lower than the other five species; in different varieties and in different seasons, the correlation of ejaculate volume to sperm density and fresh semen viability were 0. 006 and -0. 019, correlation of sperm density and fresh semen viability was 0. 253.