哺乳动物胚胎植入分子机制的研究进展

Molecular Mechanisms of Mammalian Embryonic Implantation

哺乳动物胚胎植入是胚胎滋养层与子宫内膜相互融合的过程。成功植入需要:1子宫内膜具有容受性;2正常和功能完善的且处于胚泡发育期的胚胎;3母体与胚胎组织发育同步且功能协调。胚胎植入子宫内膜需要经过定位、黏附、穿透三个过程。近年来,不断有新的研究发现在胚胎植入中有许多重要的基因和蛋白分子及相关的作用机制参与该过程,如硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖4(CSPG4)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和微小RNA(miRNA)等。明确这些关键基因和蛋白分子在胚胎植入时作用的分子机制,有助于未来临床不孕症的诊断、治疗及预防。

Embryonic implantation in mammalian is the process of fusion between embryo trophoblast and endometrium. A successful implantation requires：endometrium receptivity;a normal and functional embryo at the blastocyst developmental stage;synchronized development and functional coordination of maternal and embryonic tissues. The implantation process is composed of apposition ,adhesion and invasion. Recently ,new studies revealed that a lot of crucial genes, protein molecules and their related signaling pathways participated in the mammalian embryo implantation,such as CSPG4,EGF,VEGF,and etc. It is beneficial to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infertility in future to elucidate those critical genes,molecules and related mechanisms in the process of embryonic imnlantation.