福建春季雷暴天气分析及灾害预测

Thunderstorm weather analysis and disaster warning in spring in Fujian

2013年3月主要有2次冷空气过程,分别出现在19～20、23～24日.前期过程为西风槽东移,风暴结构特征为多超级单体的典型雷雨大风回波.200 hPa高空急流辐散强度和中低层急流强,垂直风切变大,地面倒槽更深,而后大范围显著升温,所以强天气现象更明显.后期过程为南支槽加深东移,过程以多单体或超级单体的断线型回波为主,冰雹强回波中心达到65 dbz,质心高且随高度的上升呈前倾类纺锤状.500 hPa降温幅度更大,冷锋移速更快,湿层更厚,所以短时强降水区域和强度更大.

There are 2 cold air respectively from 19 to 20 and from 23 to 24, March 2013. Early in this process is the process of westerly trough eastward, and structural features for multi-supercell storm, which is typical of thunderstorms echo structural features. The intensity of 200 hPa altitude jet diver- gence and low-level jet are strong, and vertical wind shear is large, surface trough is deeper. A wide range of warming significantly, so strong weather phenomenon is more obvious. The latter process is the process of WEBTISR deepening eastward. This process is a multi-echo-based monomer or break type echo supercell the process to break type echo multi-monomer or monomer-based super center hail and strong echoes reach 65dbz, high center of mass, and with the increase in height was class spindle-shaped. Strong echo center hail reached 65dbz, centroid high, and showed with height spindle- faster, wet layer is shaped before pour an increase forward class. 500 hPa greater cooling rate, the cold front moving speed also thicker, and regional and short-term heavy rainfall intensity is more obvious.