乌伦古河断流原因分析及对策

Cause Analysis and Countermeasures for Ulungur River Zero Flow

乌伦古河断流不仅导致乌伦古湖水位下降及湖盆萎缩,而且严重影响到乌伦古河流域畜牧业、工农业的发展,亦恶化了流域生态系统。对此,在分析乌伦古河断流演变历史基础上,指出气候变化、径流补给特点、人类活动(包括土地利用方式、用水方式、水利工程及其运行方式)等是乌伦古河断流的根本原因,据此提出了合理利用水土资源、出山口兴建1座多年调节水库、加强流域水资源统筹调度管理、加强流域生态建设和保护等措施,就可满足乌伦古河流域工农业、畜牧业及生态系统的用水需要,这对干旱半干旱地区水资源管理、生态系统维护有一定的借鉴作用。

Ulungur river zero flow not only lead to Wulungur lake water level decline and atrophy,but also seriously affect the development of animal husbandry,agriculture and industry in Ulungur river basin as well as the deterioration of the ecosystem in the basin.Based on the analysis of evolution history of Ulungur river zero flow,this paper puts forward that climate change,runoff recharge characteristics,human activities（land use,water use,irrigation and water use）is the fundamental reason of Ulungur river zero flow.The measures are put forward to meet water demands of industry,agriculture,animal husbandry and ecological systems in Ulungur river basin,which includes rational use of water and land resources,establishing a long period storage reservoir in Yamaguch,strengthening unified management of basin water resources,enhancing ecological construction and watershed protection.Thus,it provides a certain reference for water resources management and ecosystems maintain in arid and semi-arid areas.