超声雾化石棉纤维悬液致大鼠肺损伤的观察

Observation on lung injury of rats caused by ultrasonic atomizing asbestos fiber suspension

目的探讨用超声雾化石棉悬液建立大鼠石棉肺模型的可行性。方法选取体重在180-200 g的雄性健康SD大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照组5只和实验组35只（实验组分为7个亚组,分别为1、3天和1、2、4、8、10周亚组,每亚组5只）。将石棉纤维制成石棉纤维悬液,超声雾化让动物吸入,每天雾化吸入2 h,每周吸入7 d,最长染尘10周。以肺组织中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、组织羟脯氨酸（Hyp）、肺脏指数、肺组织病理改变为观察指标。结果实验组肺脏指数实验初2周内较正常对照组高,而2周以后体重变化增长较正常对照组慢;MDA与SOD变化规律相似,均为先增高后减低,MDA 2周达峰值,而SOD 1周达峰值;Hyp于1周以后逐渐升高。肺组织早期以充血为主,中后期则以慢性炎症为主,随时间延长,纤维化逐渐加重,纤维化呈弥散性,但以血管周围及细支气管周围最为严重。结论采用超声雾化染尘方法可以方便地建立大鼠石棉肺模型。

[Objective]To explore the feasibility of setting up rats asbestosis model by ultrasonic atomizing asbestos fiber suspension.[Methods]A total of 40 healthy male SD rats whose weight were 108-200 g were randomly divided into control group（n = 5）and experiment group（n = 35）. The experiment group was divided into 7 subgroups,1 d-group,3d-group,1 w-group,2 w-group,4 w-group,8w-group and 10w-group,5 rats in each group. The asbestos fiber was made asbestos fiber suspension,then was ultrasonic atomized. The rats inhaled two hours per day,7 days per week,lasted 10 weeks. The MDA,SOD and Hyp in lung,lung index and pathological change of lung tissue were as observational index. [Results]Compared with control group,the lung index of the experiment groups was higher at the beginning two weeks. After two weeks,the body weight increased more slowly than that of control group. The change rule of MDA and SOD was similar,all increased at the early stage and then decreased. MDA peaked after 2 weeks,SOD peaked after 1 week,Hyp gradually increased after 1 week. For lung tissue,hyperemia could be seen at the early period,chronic inflammation could be seen at the middle and later periods. With the extension of the time,fibrosis gradually became serious. Fibrosis was diffuse,around blood vessels and bronchiole were the most serious.[Conclusion]Rats asbestosis model can be easily set up by ultrasonic atomizing asbestos fiber suspension.