2012年滨州市死因监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance of death causes in Binzhou City in 2012

目的了解滨州市居民2012年的死亡率和主要死因,分析主要死亡原因给全市居民带来的健康损失情况,为以心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和意外伤害为主的慢性非传染性疾病的综合防治提供科学依据。方法根据各死因监测点数据进行描述性统计分析。结果居民主要死因为心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、伤害和呼吸系统疾病,而心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和伤害是造成"早死"的主要死因,肺癌、胃癌、肝癌和食管癌分居恶性肿瘤死亡的前4位,运输事故(机动车辆交通事故、机动车以外的运输事故)、自杀和中毒是伤害的前3位死亡原因。该市人均期望寿命为77.01岁,以肿瘤和心脑血管疾病为主的慢性病死亡率降低20%,人群期望寿命增加1.11岁。各类疾病造成的潜在减寿年数为263 153.80 a,每千人寿命损失为70 a,平均减寿年数为10.74 a。结论以心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和意外伤害为主的慢性非传染性疾病已成为危害该市居民健康的主要死因,意外伤害是危害青壮年健康以及劳动力人口减少的主要危险因素,因此应加强以恶性肿瘤、意外伤害和心脑血管疾病为主的慢性非传染性疾病的预防控制工作,同时政府应尽快把伤害预防工作纳入疾病预防控制规划。

[Objective]To understand the mortality and the main causes of death among residents in Binzhou City in 2012,analyze the health loss induced by the causes of death,and provide scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases,including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and accidental injuries.[Methods]The descriptive statistical analysis was used to study the data from the death cause surveillance points.[Results]The main causes of death among residents were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,tumors,injuries and respiratory diseases,while the main causes of the early death mainly included cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and injuries. The top four death causes from malignant tumors were lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and esophageal cancer. The top three death causes from injuries were transportation accidents（ motor vehicle traffic accidents,transportation accidents other than motor vehicle）,suicide and poisoning. The average life expectancy was 77. 01 years in Binzhou City. For 20% decrease on mortality of chronic diseases（ including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and tumors）,the life expectancy increased1. 11 years. The potential years of life lost caused by diseases were 263 153. 80 years,the life lost per 1 000 people were 70 years,and the average years of life lost were 10. 74 years.[Conclusion]The chronic non-communicable diseases,including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and accidental injuries,have become the main causes of death which affect the health of residents in Binzhou City. The accidental injuries are the main risk factors which affect the health of young adults and cause labor force reduction. Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control work on chronic non-communicable diseases which include malignant tumors,accidental injuries,as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At the same time,the government should put the injury prevention work into the disease prevention and control plan as soon as possible.