耶儒人文主义的会通与转化——以西恩《人:新人文主义》与牟宗三《道德的理想主义》为例

Convergence and Transformation between Christian Humanism and Confucian Humanism——A Comparison of Man:The New Humanism and Moral Idealism

耶儒双方人文主义的相通之处有三:(1)双方的人文主义都是在面向终极实在的层面上,关注着现实世界中人的自由、价值与尊严;(2)双方的人文主义都在终极的意义上实现了人文主义,人们不仅可能实现自己的潜能,甚至可以带领整个宇宙万物走向完全;(3)双方的人文主义都主张通过拥抱世俗社会,在世俗社会中实现宗教、政治、文化的理想。此外,基督宗教的位格思想可以帮助儒家从简单的天人合一的思维中走出来,促进中国文化中民主科学精神的发展;而儒家人文主义的天人合一旨趣,可以帮助基督宗教世界消解现代社会中过分的个人主义倾向。

Christian humanism and Confucian humanism have three similarities:first,both of them express concern about the freedom,value and dignity of a human being in the real world at the level which is facing the ultimate reality;Second,both of them realize humanism in the ultimate meaning,people can not only reach their potential,but also lead all the creatures to their fulfillment;Third,both of them advocate realizing the ideal in secular society by embracing secular society.In addition,the idea of personality in Christianity can help the Confucian and Chinese culture establish the spirit of democracy and science.The Confucian theory that man is an integral part of nature can help Christian digest excessive individualism in modern society.