蛇足石杉扦插及芽胞繁殖研究

Study on Cutting and Gemmae Propagation of Huperzia serrata

目的：针对蛇足石杉Huperzia serrata（Thunb.ex Murray）Trev.野生资源急剧减少,野生种群遭到毁灭性采挖而面临枯竭的现状,利用蛇足石杉带茎尖插条和芽胞进行野外半人工辅助繁殖,以期建立一套稳定、有效的人工繁殖体系。方法：以湘西古丈高望界林场岩陀寨为实验地,采用2年生以上顶技为试材,设计4因素3水平正交试验,研究了插条长度、NAA浓度和插条在NAA溶液中的浸泡时间对扦插生根的影响;通过2年时间的野外定点观测,对蛇足石杉芽胞发生、散落和生长动态进行跟踪研究,并对置于不同土壤层的芽胞萌发进行研究。结果：在原生境中,长6 cm的插条在NAA质量浓度20 mg/L中浸泡5 min的处理为最佳,60 d后即有白色不定根产生,90 d后成活率达90%,210 d后插条有明显生长量;蛇足石杉芽胞大多形成于每年7~9月,次年3~4月成熟后从母株上脱落,遇到适合条件随即萌发生长为幼苗,6个月即可成独立植株;萌发实验表明,光照和湿度是影响芽胞萌发的主要因素。结论：在自然生境中,建立蛇足石杉扦插繁殖体系切实可行;利用芽胞进行人工繁殖可建立稳定有效的幼苗再生体系。该研究对缓解蛇足石杉资源匮乏有重大意义。

Objective： An efficient and stable artificial propagation system of Huperzia serrata was established by developing the wild semi-assisted reproductive system with gemmae or the cutting of stem tip.Methods： The study was explored in the forest farm of Yantuozhai,Gaowangjie,Guzhang County,Xiangxi state and designed as a L9（ 34） orthogonal experiment,which consisted of three factors including cutting length,NAA concentration and soak time,to research their effect on rooting of perennial branches attached tip.The experiment also investigated the gemmae＇s occurrence,distribution and growth development through wild observation of two years and the gemmae germination of placed in different soil layers were studied.Results： In the original habitat,the best treatment was the cutting of6 cm length with NAA 20 mg /L immersing for 5 min.The white adventitious root occurred 60 d later whose survival rated up to 90%.The cutting growth increased distinctly after 210 d.The gemmaes developed in July to September every year,matured in March to April next year.After separated from the mother plants,the gemmaes could germinate and grow as seedlings when the condition was suitable.Germination experiments showed that light and humidity were the main factors affecting gemmae germination.Conclusion： It is feasible to establish the cutting propagation of Huperzia serrata in natural habitat.An efficient and stable regeneration system was developed with gemmae＇s artificial germination.This study is of great significance to alleviate the meager resources of Huperzia serrata.