仿刺参新型免疫增强剂的应用

Application of new immunostimulants on immunity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

以初始体重为(30±2)g的仿刺参为研究对象,分别注射500μL 1.0 mg·mL-1黄柏提取物、苦参提取物、枸杞多糖提取物、黄芪多糖提取物、菊粉和天蚕素等6种免疫增强剂,对照组注射相同体积的无菌生理盐水,研究免疫增强剂对仿刺参免疫功能的影响.结果表明:注射后第3天,黄柏提取物和菊粉组仿刺参体腔细胞总数量(TCC)显著增加,最高达15×106个·mL-1(P<0.05);菊粉组TCC达到106个·mL-1时的呼吸爆发活性为0.35(P<0.05);黄芪多糖提取物、菊粉和苦参提取物组TCC达到106个·mL-1时的吞噬活性为0.42,与对照组的差异显著(P<0.05);免疫试验组的酚氧化酶(PO)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性在注射后的第3天达到最大值,黄柏提取物组的PO和ACP活性分别达83和0.065 U·mL-1(P<0.05);免疫试验组的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在注射后的第1天出现最大值,其中以菊粉组的变化最显著(P<0.05),SOD活性达到97 U·mL-1;PO、ACP和SOD活性随着注射时间的延长呈下降趋势,活性与注射时间之间无正比关系,不同免疫增强剂产生的效果不同.

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different immunostimulants on immune of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka （initial weight 30 g ±2 g）.The control group was injected with 500 μL sterile saline,as well as practical groups were injected with equal volume of different extract solution （such as phellodendron amurense,sophora flavescens,inulin,Lycium barbarum,astragalus polysaccharide,cecropins,concentration was 1.0 mg · mL-1）.The results showed that the total coelomocytes counts of A.japonicus injected dron amurense and inulin were significantly different than the control group on the third day,was 15 × 10^6 cells · mL-1（P 〈 0.05）.Respiratory burst activity of A.japonicus injected inulin was 0.42/106 cells （P 〈 0.05） on the third day.Phagocytosis of A.japonicus injected astragalus polysaccharide,inulin and sophora flavescens was superlatively 0.42/106 cells （P 〈 0.05） on the third day.The phenol oxidase and acid phosphatase activities of A.japonicus injected phellodendron amurense had a max value （P 〈0.05） on the third day,were 83,0.065 U · mL-1 （P 〈0.05）,but superoxide dismutase activity of A.japonicus injected inulin was 97 U · mL-1 on the first day （P 〈 0.05）.The study showed a downward trend along with the extension of time,there was no proportional relationship between immune activity and the time,different immunostimulants appeared different changes.The study provided a reference for development of immunostimulants about A.japonicus.