饮水型砷中毒地区水三价砷含量与皮肤病变的相关性分析

Analysis of the Correlation between Trivalent Arsenic Content in Drinking Water and Skin Lesions of Arsenic Poisoning

目的探讨饮水型砷中毒地区水砷含量与皮肤病变程度的关系。方法选择西安地区某县长期饮用高砷水的5个自然村,对其饮用水中的砷含量进行检测,同时选择该地饮用水中砷含量合格的2个自然村作为对照组,结合当地人群的皮肤病变情况分析饮用水的砷含量对皮肤病变的影响。结果调查组75份水样,总砷含量42.88±15.36μg/L,三价砷含量25.64±8.43μg/L;对照组30份水样总砷含量<2.00μg/L,三价砷含量<2.00μg/L,调查组均高于对照组(P<0.05);砷中毒患者表现为皲裂、脱色斑、角化、色素沉着4种症状,主要位于躯干、四肢等部位,其中轻度27例(32.53%),中度37例(44.58%),重度19例(22.89%)。结论饮水型砷中毒患者皮肤病变以皲裂、角化人数最多,脱色次之,色素沉着最少;随着饮用水砷含量的增高,发病人数随之增加。提示饮用水三价砷含量增高,皮肤病变程度加重。

Objective To explore the relationship between the content of arsenic and the skin lesions of arsenic poisoning in drinking water. Methods Selected 5 natural villages in an area of high arsenic water for drinking,to detect the arsenic content in drinking water,and 2 natural villages of qualified drinking water arsenic content as the control group,combined with the degree of skin lesions of local population to analyze the effects of arsenic content in drinking water on the skin lesions. Results Seventy-five samples of total arsenic contents in investigation group was 42. 88 ± 15. 36μg / L,trivalent arsenic contents was 25. 64 ± 8. 43 μg / L. Thirty samples of total arsenic contents in control group water was less than 2. 00μg / L,trivalent arsenic contents was less than 2. 00μg / L. Investigation group was higher than those of control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. Patients with arsenic poisoning showed 4 kinds of symptoms,chap,depigmented nevi,keratosis,hyperpigmentation,which mainly distributed in the trunk,limbs and other parts,including 27 mild cases（32. 53%）,37 moderate cases（44. 58%）,19 severe cases（22. 89%）. Conclusion The largest number are chap and keratosis,then depigmented nevi,and the least are hyperpigmentation among patients with drinking water arsenic poisoning.With the increase of arsenic in drinking water,the incidence increased. Trivalent arsenic content increased the degree of skin lesions.