木垒国际狩猎场天山盘羊种群调查

Population Survey of Ovis ammon karelini in Mori International Hunting Ground

2010年到2013年,每年夏天,作者采用地图样带法对新疆木垒国际狩猎场天山盘羊（Ovis ammon karelini）的种群数量开展了调查,2010年和2011年调查区域面积为94.67 km2,2012年和2013年调查区域面积为72.97 km2。2010年和2011年盘羊密度分别为（1.33±0.29）只/km2、（1.59±0.40）只/km2;由于狩猎活动干扰,2012和2013年盘羊密度显著下降,分别为（0.35±0.08）只/km2、（0.29±0.17）只/km2。在总计4次调查记录的83群319只个体中,大部分为雌性,说明这一区域是雌性天山盘羊主要的夏季栖息地。群体大小从1~17只不等,平均群体大小为（3.84±0.35）只。食物资源的相对缺乏导致木垒国际狩猎场天山盘羊平均群体大小明显小于天山山区其他区域的种群,而相对较高的幼羊与雌羊比（45.5∶100）说明木垒国际狩猎场适宜盘羊生存,为天山盘羊的理想生境。

We conducted a field survey on the population size of Tianshan argali（ Ovis ammon karelini） at Mori International Hunting Ground in Mori County every summer from 2010 to 2013 using the strip transect sampling method. The survey area is 94. 67 km2 in 2010 and 2011,72. 97 km2 in 2012 and 2013. We totally observed319 individuals in 83 groups,of them males 11（ 3. 4%）,females 176（ 55. 2%） lamb 80（ 25. 1%） and the rest of 52 individuals whose age and gender were unable recognized（ 16. 3%）. The mean group size was 3. 84± 0. 35 for all the groups（ range 1- 17） that is significantly smaller than those found at other region in Tianshan Mountains. The sex ratio（ ♀∶♂） was 100∶ 6. 25,lamb to females was 45. 5∶ 100,respectively. In the 74 groups that the gender of each individuals was recognized in the filed,10 male groups with 11 members totally; 31 female groups formed by 70 individuals; 33 groups consisted 186 members of female and their lambs. The mean group size for male only was 1. 10 ± 0. 10,for female group 2. 26 ± 0. 23,for groups with mother and lamb 5. 64 ± 0. 60. The population density of Tianshan argali was 1. 33 ± 0. 29 ind /km2 and 1. 59 ±0. 40 ind /km2 in 2010 and 2011（ Table 1）,however,it reduced to 0. 35 ± 0. 08 ind /km2 and 0. 29 ±0. 17 ind /km2 in 2012 and 2013 due to specimen collection on this subspecies continuously for the localmuseum. The relatively higher ratio of lamb to female indicated that Mori International Hunting Ground is the ideal habitat for Tianshan argali.